What are the mesh requirements for accurate aerodynamic CFD simulations?

Key mesh requirements include: Y+ values appropriate for turbulence model (y+ < 1 for low-Re models, 30-300 for wall functions); Sufficient boundary layer resolution (typically 30-50 layers with growth ratio 1.1-1.3); Wake refinement to capture vortices and circulation; Surface mesh density adequate for pressure gradient resolution; Far-field boundaries at 20+ chord lengths; Mesh independence study showing grid-converged results; and Quality metrics (skewness < 0.9, aspect ratio appropriate for flow direction). Unstructured meshes with prism layers are common, while structured meshes offer superior accuracy for simple geometries.