What are the aerodynamic phenomena and design considerations at high angles of attack?

High-AOA aerodynamics involves complex phenomena: Vortex-dominated flow from strakes, LEX, or forebodies provides additional lift but leads to vortex breakdown and departure; Asymmetric vortex shedding causes yawing moments even at zero sideslip; Massive flow separation reduces control effectiveness requiring special controls (thrust vectoring, strakes); Departure and spin susceptibility requires careful design and flight control laws. Design tools include high-fidelity CFD (DES/LES for vortex dynamics), rotary balance testing, free-flight models, and extensive flight testing. Fighter aircraft routinely operate at 30-60+ degrees AOA using LEX vortices and thrust vectoring for control.