How do you design and implement laminar flow control on transport aircraft wings?

Laminar flow control (LFC) design involves: Natural laminar flow (NLF) through favorable pressure gradients using airfoil shaping (25-35% chord laminar run achievable); Hybrid laminar flow control (HLFC) using suction through porous or slotted surfaces to stabilize the boundary layer (50-60% chord); Surface quality requirements (waviness < 0.1mm, steps < 0.05mm, gaps sealed); Contamination prevention (leading edge anti-ice, insect shields); Kreuger flaps instead of slats to preserve LE quality; and Systems integration (suction ducting, compressors). Benefits include 10-15% drag reduction but require strict manufacturing tolerances and operational procedures. Boeing 787 and Airbus A350 incorporate limited NLF regions.