What are the flight mechanics certification requirements and how is compliance demonstrated?

Key certification requirements (FAR/CS 25): Controllability and maneuverability (25.143) - adequate control in all phases, Longitudinal stability and control (25.171-175, 25.181) - static stability, trim, control forces, Lateral-directional stability (25.177) - directional, lateral stability, Dutch roll, Stall characteristics (25.201-207) - warning, behavior, recovery, and High-speed characteristics (25.253) - speed stability, tuck. Compliance methods: Analysis (supported by validated tools), Simulation (piloted evaluation, failure cases), and Flight test (specific maneuvers, critical cases). Documentation includes: Test plans, Compliance checklists, Analysis reports, and Test reports. DERs/CVEs review analysis, ODA/Authority witnesses critical tests. Process takes 12-24 months for new type. Amendments and operational limitations may result from findings.