What are the three axes of aircraft motion and the moments acting about each?

The three axes are: Longitudinal axis (runs nose to tail) - rolling motion controlled by ailerons, measured by roll rate p; Lateral axis (runs wing tip to wing tip) - pitching motion controlled by elevator, measured by pitch rate q; and Vertical axis (runs top to bottom) - yawing motion controlled by rudder, measured by yaw rate r. The moments about these axes are rolling moment (L), pitching moment (M), and yawing moment (N). Understanding these axes is fundamental to analyzing aircraft motion and control.