How does the turbine extract energy from hot gases?

The turbine extracts energy from the high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gases to drive the compressor and accessories. Hot gas flows through stationary nozzle guide vanes that accelerate and direct flow onto rotating blades, which convert gas kinetic energy into shaft work. The expansion reduces both pressure and temperature of the gas. Modern turbines operate at extreme temperatures (1700-2000K turbine inlet) requiring advanced cooling techniques and superalloy materials. High-pressure turbines drive the compressor while low-pressure turbines may drive the fan or provide shaft power.