What are the differences between chemical and electric propulsion?

Chemical propulsion: High thrust (kN to MN), Low specific impulse (250-450 s), Used for launch, rapid maneuvers, and orbit insertion, Burns propellants (bipropellant, solid, hybrid). Electric propulsion: Low thrust (mN to N), High specific impulse (1000-5000 s), Used for station-keeping, orbit raising, interplanetary missions, Uses electricity to accelerate propellant (ions, Hall effect, arcjet). Trade-offs: Electric requires much less propellant mass for same delta-v, but maneuvers take weeks/months versus minutes. Electric propulsion needs power source (large solar arrays or nuclear). Mission design impacts: Chemical for time-critical maneuvers, electric for mass-efficient long-duration burns. Many modern GEO satellites use electric propulsion for station-keeping and even orbit raising.