What is the difference between LEO, MEO, and GEO orbits?

LEO (Low Earth Orbit): 200-2000 km altitude, ~90-minute period, low latency communication, Earth observation, and ISS location. Requires many satellites for global coverage; experiences atmospheric drag. MEO (Medium Earth Orbit): 2000-35,786 km, used for navigation satellites (GPS at 20,200 km) with ~12-hour periods. GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit): 35,786 km equatorial orbit, 24-hour period matching Earth rotation so satellite appears stationary. Ideal for communications, weather monitoring. Higher altitude requires more launch energy but provides larger coverage area per satellite. Trade-offs include latency (longer for GEO), radiation environment, and launch cost.