What features distinguish automotive-grade microcontrollers from consumer electronics?

Automotive microcontrollers are designed for: Extended temperature range (-40 to +125C vs consumer 0-70C), higher reliability (AEC-Q100 qualification), built-in safety features (ECC memory, watchdog, self-test), real-time performance (deterministic timing), automotive interfaces (CAN, LIN, FlexRay controllers), flash endurance (100K+ write cycles), longer product availability (10-15 years), and functional safety compliance (ISO 26262). These requirements ensure reliable operation in harsh vehicle environments over the vehicle's lifetime.