What is final assembly and what operations occur on the assembly line?

Final assembly is where painted bodies receive all components to become complete vehicles. Operations include: Trim installation (interior components, glass, wiring harnesses), chassis marriage (engine/powertrain, suspension, fuel system joined to body), door and closure installation, fluid fills (fuel, coolant, brake fluid, refrigerant), wheel/tire mounting, seat installation, final adjustments, and quality inspection. Assembly follows a specific sequence with takt time governing station pace. Modern lines use conveyors, AGVs, and ergonomic assists. Typical assembly time is 15-25 hours per vehicle spread across 100+ workstations.