How do you design a torque distribution control strategy for an active AWD system?

AWD torque distribution control involves: Defining control objectives (traction, stability, efficiency, driving dynamics), implementing vehicle state estimation (slip ratios, yaw rate, lateral acceleration), developing feedforward maps based on acceleration and steering requests, adding feedback control for stability intervention, coordinating with ESC and traction control systems, optimizing efficiency by minimizing engaged time when not needed, managing thermal limits of clutch packs, and calibrating for various surfaces and driving modes. The controller uses tire models to predict optimal torque split and adjusts based on real-time feedback. Validation includes snow, ice, gravel, and split-mu testing.