What are the key differences between DNA and RNA?

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar while RNA contains ribose (with an extra hydroxyl group at 2' position), making RNA less stable. DNA uses thymine (T) as a base while RNA uses uracil (U). DNA is typically double-stranded and serves as long-term genetic storage, while RNA is usually single-stranded and functions in protein synthesis, gene regulation, and catalysis. DNA is found primarily in the nucleus, while RNA is synthesized in the nucleus and functions largely in the cytoplasm.