Explain the Adapter pattern with examples.

Adapter pattern allows incompatible interfaces to work together by wrapping one interface to match another. Like power plug adapters. Examples: wrapping legacy API to match new interface, adapting third-party libraries, database driver adapters (JDBC). Class adapter uses inheritance; object adapter uses composition (preferred). Benefits: reuse existing code, integrate incompatible systems, follows Single Responsibility. Different from Facade (simplifies) and Decorator (adds behavior). Common in integrations and migrations.