Explain Direct Torque Control (DTC) and compare it with vector control.

DTC controls torque and flux directly without current controllers or PWM modulator. It calculates stator flux and torque from measured voltages and currents, then selects optimal voltage vectors from a lookup table based on flux and torque errors. Advantages include: fast torque response (no current controllers), simpler structure, and lower parameter sensitivity. Disadvantages include: variable switching frequency, higher torque ripple, and higher sampling rate required. Vector control has lower ripple but slower response. Modern drives may combine advantages of both methods.