What is the procedure for synchronizing a generator to the grid?

Generator synchronization requires matching: voltage magnitude (adjust excitation), frequency (adjust prime mover speed), phase sequence (verify once during commissioning), and phase angle (use synchroscope or sync check relay). The synchroscope indicates when the generator is slightly faster than the grid. Breaker closes at the moment phases align (12 o'clock position). Automatic synchronizers perform this reliably. Incorrect synchronization can cause massive current surge and severe mechanical shock to the machine.