What are the common types of temperature sensors and their characteristics?

Common temperature sensors include: Thermocouples (wide range -200 to 2000C, self-powered, rugged, but low accuracy 0.5-2C), RTDs (Resistance Temperature Detectors, high accuracy 0.1C, stable, but expensive and requires excitation), Thermistors (high sensitivity, fast response, but nonlinear and limited range), and IC sensors (linear output, easy to use, but limited to -55 to 150C). Selection depends on temperature range, accuracy needs, response time, cost, and environmental conditions.