What protection features are essential in motor drive systems?

Drive protection includes: overcurrent (instantaneous hardware trip, software current limit), overvoltage (regeneration/DC bus overvoltage protection with dynamic braking or active front end), undervoltage (prevent uncontrolled operation), ground fault (detect earth leakage for safety), overtemperature (for heatsink, motor, and ambient), short circuit (fast IGBT desaturation detection), phase loss (input and output), motor protection (stall detection, overload thermal model), and over-speed. Proper fault handling includes: safe shutdown sequence, fault logging, and configurable response (warning, power limit, or shutdown).