What are the main components of an electrical power grid?

An electrical power grid consists of generation (power plants producing electricity), transmission (high-voltage lines carrying power over long distances, typically 115kV-765kV), substations (transforming voltage levels and switching), distribution (medium and low voltage lines delivering to consumers, typically 4kV-35kV), and loads (consumers using electricity). The grid also includes protection systems, control centers, and metering infrastructure.