What are the main components of a wind turbine?

A wind turbine consists of: Rotor (blades and hub) capturing wind energy, Nacelle (housing for generator, gearbox, and controls), Tower (supports nacelle at optimal height), Foundation (anchors tower to ground), Generator (converts mechanical to electrical energy), Gearbox (increases rotational speed, some designs are direct-drive), Yaw system (orients rotor into wind), and Pitch system (adjusts blade angle for speed control). The controller manages operation based on wind conditions, optimizing power capture while protecting against overloads.