What are the different types of fading in wireless channels?

Fading is signal strength variation due to multipath propagation. Large-scale fading: Path loss (distance-dependent attenuation) and Shadowing (slow fading from obstacles, log-normal distribution). Small-scale fading: Multipath fading (fast amplitude variations from constructive/destructive interference). Multipath is characterized as: Flat fading (bandwidth < coherence bandwidth) or Frequency-selective fading, Fast fading (symbol duration > coherence time) or Slow fading. Rayleigh fading models no line-of-sight; Rician fading includes dominant path. Mitigation techniques include diversity, equalization, and OFDM.