Explain input capture and output compare timer functions.

Input capture measures external signal timing by latching timer value when input edge is detected. Applications: pulse width measurement, frequency measurement, and encoder position. Output compare generates precisely timed output events by triggering action when timer matches compare value. Applications: PWM generation, waveform generation, and precise timing pulses. Both use same timer hardware in different modes. Implementation requires interrupt handling for capture events and careful timer configuration for desired resolution and range. Essential for motor control, communication protocols, and timing-critical applications.