State Pascal's law and explain its applications in hydraulic systems.

Pascal's law states that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted equally in all directions throughout the fluid and acts perpendicular to all surfaces in contact with the fluid. Mathematically: ΔP = F₁/A₁ = F₂/A₂. Applications include hydraulic lifts and jacks (force multiplication), hydraulic brakes in vehicles, hydraulic presses for metal forming, hydraulic actuators in construction equipment, and aircraft control systems. The mechanical advantage is the ratio of output area to input area.