What is the dual cycle and in which engines is it applicable?

The dual cycle (or limited pressure cycle) combines features of both Otto and Diesel cycles, with heat addition occurring partly at constant volume and partly at constant pressure. This better represents actual combustion in modern high-speed diesel engines and some dual-fuel engines. The cycle allows analysis of engines where neither purely constant-volume nor constant-pressure combustion assumption is accurate. Efficiency depends on compression ratio, pressure ratio, and cut-off ratio.