What is piping stress analysis and when is it required?

Piping stress analysis verifies that piping systems can withstand loads from pressure, temperature, weight, and external forces. Required for: high temperature/pressure systems (thermal expansion stress), large diameter piping, piping connected to sensitive equipment (pumps, compressors, vessels with nozzle load limits), and code requirements (ASME B31.3). Analysis uses software (Caesar II, Autopipe) to calculate stresses, support loads, and equipment nozzle loads. Flexibility is added through routing, expansion loops, or expansion joints.