What are the main types of membrane separation processes?

Major membrane processes include: Reverse Osmosis (RO) - uses high pressure to separate dissolved salts from water; Ultrafiltration (UF) - separates macromolecules and colloids; Microfiltration (MF) - removes suspended particles and bacteria; Nanofiltration (NF) - intermediate between RO and UF; Gas permeation - separates gas mixtures; Pervaporation - separates liquid mixtures using partial vaporization through membranes.