How are wind loads calculated for building structures?

Wind loads are calculated using: F = qz * G * Cp * A, where qz is velocity pressure at height z (= 0.5 * air density * V^2), G is gust factor accounting for dynamic effects, Cp is pressure coefficient depending on building shape and wind direction, and A is projected area. Wind speed varies with height following power law or log profile. Factors include terrain category, building importance, and directionality. Codes like ASCE 7 provide detailed procedures.