What are the main types of road markings and their purposes?

Road markings include: longitudinal markings (center lines, lane lines, edge lines) for delineation; transverse markings (stop lines, crosswalks, yield lines) for control; object markings (curbs, islands) for hazard identification; and word/symbol markings (arrows, speed limits). Yellow separates opposing traffic; white separates same-direction traffic. Solid lines restrict crossing; broken lines permit crossing. Markings complement signs and signals for traffic guidance and safety.