What methods are used for reactive power compensation in power systems?

Reactive power compensation methods include: shunt capacitor banks (most common, supply VARs to correct lagging power factor), shunt reactors (absorb VARs on lightly loaded lines), synchronous condensers (rotating machines that vary VAR output), SVCs (static VAR compensators using thyristor-switched capacitors/reactors), and STATCOMs (VSC-based for fast response). Compensation improves voltage profile, reduces losses, increases power transfer capability, and corrects power factor.