What advanced techniques are used for sensor linearization in embedded instrumentation?

Advanced linearization techniques: polynomial curve fitting (determine coefficients from calibration data, implement Horner's method for efficient computation), piecewise linear interpolation (lookup table with interpolation between points, memory vs accuracy tradeoff), spline interpolation (smoother than piecewise linear, cubic splines common), neural network (train on sensor response, handles complex non-linearities), and physical model inversion (derive inverse function from sensor physics). Implementation: fixed-point arithmetic optimization, pre-computed tables in flash memory, and temperature/pressure compensation integration. Validate across full operating range and environmental conditions. Consider calibration point selection (Chebyshev nodes minimize polynomial error) and uncertainty propagation through linearization.