What are the main components of an electric vehicle powertrain?

The main EV powertrain components are: Battery pack (stores electrical energy, typically lithium-ion), Electric motor (converts electrical to mechanical energy, usually PMSM or induction type), Inverter (converts DC from battery to AC for motor), Onboard charger (converts AC from grid to DC for battery charging), Battery Management System (monitors cell health, temperature, and state of charge), and Thermal management system (maintains optimal operating temperatures).