How does GD&T (Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing) impact manufacturing?

GD&T specifies allowable geometric variations using standardized symbols (per ASME Y14.5 or ISO GPS). Manufacturing impacts include: Process selection (tighter tolerances may require grinding vs milling), Fixture design (datum references define part holding), Inspection methods (CMM programming based on GD&T callouts), Cost implications (tighter tolerances increase cost), and Statistical tolerance analysis for assemblies. Key concepts: Datums establish reference frames, Feature control frames specify requirements, MMC/LMC bonus tolerances enable functional designs. Manufacturing engineers must interpret GD&T to select appropriate processes and develop inspection plans.