How does a UASB reactor work and what are its applications?

UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactor treats wastewater anaerobically with wastewater flowing upward through granular sludge blanket. Biogas produced creates mixing. Three-phase separator at top separates gas, liquid, and solids. Design parameters: hydraulic loading 0.5-1.5 m3/m2/hr, organic loading 5-15 kg COD/m3/day, HRT 4-12 hours. Advantages: low energy, biogas recovery, low sludge production. Suitable for high-strength industrial wastewater (breweries, food processing) and sewage in tropical climates.